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Techniques Developed: During the time that heart surgery was being developed and perfected, there was also considerable progress in the correction of abnormalities of the arteries and veins. Various techniques developed were developed to treat varicose veins, and sometimes even the large veins leading to the heart—the inferior and superior venae cavae—were objects of surgical attention. Operations on the larger arteries, however, constituted a more dramatic chapter in the history of cardiovascular surgery. Aneurysms (bulging enlargements) of the aorta excited much interest, and efforts, sometimes successful, were made to prevent aneurysms from bursting.
It is even easier to move sand via an airlift that works like a vacuum cleaner. The field is unlimited—Bass has previously estimated that there may be from 10,000 to 100,000 ancient wrecks in the Mediterranean. The techniques developed of careful excavation have long been developed, and now the means for discovery are available.
Silicon crystals are being grown with fewer and fewer flaws, environment control is eliminating contaminants during processing, and more precise photographic techniques developed are being developed. As a result of these advances, it is now possible to fabricate a 0.200-in.-(5.1-mm-) square chip containing as many as 12,000 transistors. |
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