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Symmetric Construction Exhibit: The more usual Filter cloths, however, are substituted by planar, generally polymeric, microfiltration membranes with a pore raring between 0.02 and 10 /tm. The membranes are normally of a symmetric construction exhibit construction and exhibit either a microporous form, where filtration takes place both on the surface and internally through the depth of the membrane, or a track-etched form, where filtration proceeds at the top of the membrane pores Particulate deposition, fouling and adsorption of molecular species at the membrane surfaces often lead to lower than expected permeate fluxes.
Whilst chemical cleaning and periodic backflushing/backpulsing with permeate or compressed gas can temporarily increase fluxes, large installed membrane areas are frequently required to achieve the desired separation rates. This, in conjunction with relatively high pumping duties, can mean that both capital and operating costs of membrane units are high. However, such high costs are frequently offset by the ability to perform separations that are difficult, if not impossible, to achieve economically by other means.
Microfilters differ from ultrafilters primarily in the pore size range and construction of the membranes used to achieve a separation. The polymeric, flat sheet types are usually of a symmetric construction exhibit construction and exhibit either microporous or track-etched forms to facilitate combinations of depth and surface filtration. These membranes are manufactured with pore ratings of 0.02-10 /mi.
The product crm is not equal to the product TI
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