Psychological surveillance has at its core, the privacy issue, particularly with regard to personality tests.
Tests of personality are generally of two types: self-report, usually a pencil-and-paper test in which questions are to be answered regarding personal feelings; and projective techniques such as the Rorschach ink-blot test, in which ambiguous stimulus figures are presented for interpretation, presumably to reveal "inner" personality traits. The first type is most widely used and has had the most criticism leveled against it in the press and in the U.S. Congress.
This invention is epochal. It was the first of those photomechanical techniques that were soon to revolutionize the graphic arts by eliminating the hand of man in the reproduction of pictures of all kinds. It is the most important of Niepce's contributions, for it involved a principle that became basic to future techniques: the differential hardening by light of a ground that would control the etching in exact counterpart of the image.
Other metal techniques include the hammering into shape of metal (especially wrought iron) which has been softened by heating; and an additive process of constructing a work of sculpture with blobs of molten metal using welding equipment and materials. Both of these techniques are most used for small works since the products are apt to be solid and therefore very heavy for their size.
Psychological surveillance has at its core, the privacy issue, particularly with regard to personality tests.
Tests of personality are generally of two types: self-report, usually a pencil-and-paper test in which questions are to be answered regarding personal feelings; and projective techniques such as the Rorschach ink-blot test, in which ambiguous stimulus figures are presented for interpretation, presumably to reveal "inner" personality traits. The first type is most widely used and has had the most criticism leveled against it in the press and in the U.S. Congress.